Exercise - The git
command!
In the first exercise, the goal is to get to know the (Git) Bash command line and especially the git
command.
Tips
- For Windows users:
- Use the Git-Bash command line, then you can run examples exactly as shown here.
- Use ‘/’ instead of ‘' for directory paths.
- If you are working with the Windows command line
CMD
, you may need to make minor changes for the examples to work.
- Bash commands
cd <directoryname>
, changes to another directory.cd ..
, changes to the parent directory. One level up!ls
shows the names of the files and subdirectories in the current directory.ll
Likels
but with more details.less
. Display the content of a file. Scroll with arrow keys. Quit with theq
key.pwd
shows the current working directory. On Windows:pwd -W
(uppercase)
- Git commands
git version
shows which version of Git is installed.git help <command>
shows help.git config <property>
shows the value from the configuration.git config set --global <property> <new-value>
sets a value in the configuration.git config core.editor notepad
configures Notepad as the editor for Git.- If the output has more lines than the terminal window is high, the output is displayed in a viewer (
less
). You can then scroll up and down with the arrow keys. You exit theless
mode with theq
key.
- Command
start <file>
(Ubuntu:xdg-open
, Mac Os:open
) opens the specified file with the associated default application.start .
opens the file explorer in the current directory.
Short intro to the command line
Step 0 - START
Step 1 - Navigation in exercise directories
Start in directory git-uebungen
.
(from the unzipped zip file)
Navigate to the subdirectory aufgaben/intro-commandline/hallo
and look at the content of the file located there. Use tab completion to avoid typing so much. Then navigate back to the parent directory intro-commandline
.
Step 2 - Check Git version
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Print which version of Git is installed.
Step 3 - Help
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Show the help page for the log
command.
$ cd repo
Step 4 - `less` and long outputs
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
When you run git log
, 99 commits should be displayed. Because this does not fit in a terminal window, the less
viewer is opened. Close it. Then use less some-file.txt
to view a file in less
mode.
Step 5 - Configure Git
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Check the user configuration:
$ git config user.name
$ git config user.email
$ git config pull.rebase
$ git config merge.conflictStyle
$ git config --global init.defaultBranch
Configure your username and email, if not already set:
$ git config --global user.name my-name
$ git config --global user.email my-email
The following configurations were used when recording the sample solution. It is recommended to set them for this workshop:
$ git config --global pull.rebase false
$ git config --global merge.conflictStyle diff3
$ git config --global init.defaultBranch main
Step 6 - ⭐ History
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Press the 🡅 key several times and then press enter, to execute one of the previous commands again. Type ctrl+r
and then enter conflict
, to re-run the command to set merge.conflictStyle
.
Step 7 - ⭐ Configure Git editor
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Configure an editor for git. Tips on this.f Then test with git config -e
to see if it worked.
Step 8 - ⭐ Working directory
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Print out which working directory you are currently in. For Windows users: also test the command with the -W
option.
Step 9 - ⭐ Open applications
Start in directory git-uebungen/aufgaben/<unknown>
.
Open the file some-file.txt
with the default application. Open a file explorer in the current working directory.
repo $ cd ..